The quirky and cute Dunce Cap succulent (Latin name Orostachys Iwarenge) is a perfect indoor plant for beginner gardeners and succulent enthusiasts alike. With a little know-how, these compact plants are easy to care for and propagate. Read on for tips to keep your Dunce Cap succulent thriving for years to come!
Dunce Cap Succulent Care Basics
Native to South Africa, Dunce Cap succulents are accustomed to warm, dry conditions. Recreate their ideal environment at home with the following care regimen:
Sunlight
Bright light is a must! Place Dunce Cap plants in a south or west facing window where they will receive at least 4-6 hours of direct sunlight daily. Sunlight intensity should be monitored seasonally and plants moved further away from the window if leaves start to redden or brown at the tips. An east facing window can work as well, though more time in direct sun is ideal.
Water
Overwatering is the number one killer of succulents like the Dunce Cap. Make sure the soil has dried thoroughly before the next waterings. The timing will vary based on climate, soil type, sunlight and other factors. However, a general rule of thumb is to wait at least 1-2 weeks before watering again. The lower leaves will start to wrinkle slightly when it’s time for a drink.
Soil
A fast-draining cactus or succulent soil mix is mandatory. Dunce Cap plants will quickly rot and die in heavy, moisture-retentive soil. Add additional perlite, sand or small gravel if needed to improve drainage. Terra cotta pots also promote healthy roots by absorbing excess moisture from the soil.
Temperature & Humidity
Average home temperatures between 65-75°F suit Dunce Caps just fine. As desert natives, high humidity is undesirable and may lead to root rot or pest issues. If humidity is an issue, consider using a small fan to keep air circulating around the plants.
Fertilizer
During the active growing season from spring through fall, use a balanced dilute fertilizer every 2-3 weeks. Look for options specifically formulated for cactus and succulents. Fertilizing is not necessary in winter when plants are dormant.
Propagating Dunce Cap Succulents
One of the best parts of growing Dunce Caps is how easily they propagate! Use these methods for an endless supply of adorable baby plants:
Leaf Cuttings
Carefully twist or snip off a fully grown leaf at the base, making sure to get the entire petiole. Allow the cut end to callous over for a few days, then stick it in moist succulent soil. New plantlets will emerge in a few weeks. Gradually acclimate them to normal watering routines once established.
Stem Cuttings
Cut a 3-5 inch segment of stem below the rosette. Allow to callous for 3-7 days as above, then place in soil. Tiny new rosettes will begin forming along the stem within 4-6 weeks.
Offsets
Mature Dunce Cap plants produce offsets or “pups” at the base that can be removed and repotted for new plants. Use a clean, sharp knife to cut an offset away from the parent, making sure it has some roots attached. Let sit for 2-3 days before replanting in appropriate soil and watering lightly.
Seeds
Though slow, propagating from seed is rewarding. Sow seeds in a well-draining soil mix. Maintain warm temperatures (70-80°F) and moderate moisture until sprouting. Thin seedlings and transplant once 2-3 sets of true leaves have developed.
With the right care, Dunce Cap succulents will thrive and multiply in your home for years of unique, sculptural enjoyment!
Tips For Healthy, Gorgeous Dunce Cap Succulents
Beyond the basic care regimen, utilize these tips for getting the most out of your Dunce Cap succulents:
- Turn plants occasionally for even growth on all sides. Stretching toward light is natural, but rotating prevents severe leaning.
- Wipe leaves gently with a damp cloth to remove dust buildup. Avoid wetting the rosette’s fuzzy center.
- Repot annually in spring as plants become rootbound. Choose a pot just 1 size larger each time.
- Remove dried leaves and spent flower stalks regularly for a tidy appearance.
- Display singly or grouped with other succulents for interesting height variation and textural contrast.
- Shelter from frost and freezing temperatures which can damage plants.
- Hold off on water for a few weeks in winter during plant’s rest period.
- Propagate often! Having back-up plants prevents heartbreak if one succumbs to overwatering.
Common Issues With Dunce Cap Succulents
While relatively hassle-free if given proper care, here are some potential issues to watch for with Dunce Cap plants:
Overwatering
Excess moisture is the surest way to kill a Dunce Cap. Water only when soil is completely dry plus an extra week for good measure. Signs of overwatering include brown or yellow lower leaves, “mushy” leaves and stems, growth slowing and root rot.
Underwatering
Lack of water causes wrinkled, shriveled leaves. The plant may recover if watered properly, though severe dehydration can be fatal.
Sunburn
Too much direct sun causes brown spots or red tinging on leaves. Move plants further away from window if noted.
Stretching & Weak Stems
Insufficient sunlight leads to abnormal lengthening of the stem as the plant searches for light. Slowly acclimate to brighter conditions to avoid sunburn.
Pest Problems
Mealybugs, aphids and fungus gnats are occasional culprits. Isolate affected plants and use horticultural soap, neem oil or insecticidal soap as needed. Discard plants with severe infestations.
Displaying Dunce Cap Succulents
The wildly whimsical form of Dunce Cap succulents suits them perfectly for displaying in fun and creative ways:
- Tuck into eclectic mixed succulent pots or arrangements along with Echeveria, Haworthia and more.
- Let them overflow from quirky containers like teacups, bowls, boots – anything goes!
- Pair with air plants mounted on pieces of weathered wood or tree bark.
- Create a living succulent centerpiece or wreath for unique texture and shape interest.
- Top a pencil cup or mug full of pens on an office desk.
- Group together on a sunny windowsill, alternating colors and sizes for impact.
- Give as gifts alone or as part of dish gardens. These little plants bring year-round joy!
With a bit of practice, the delightful Dunce Cap succulent is simple to grow. Give your plants what they need, plus your own special twist of creativity, for a houseplant collection that stands out from the crowd.
Top 5 FAQs And Answers About Dunce Cap Succulents
Q: How much sunlight does a Dunce Cap succulent need?
A. Dunce Cap succulents thrive in bright, direct sunlight for 4-6 hours per day. An unobstructed south or west facing window is ideal. Too little light will cause stretching and weak growth.
Q: How often should I water a Dunce Cap succulent?
A. Water thoroughly only when the soil has dried out completely, waiting 1-2 weeks between waterings. The lower leaves will appear slightly wrinkled when it’s time to water again. Overwatering is the most common cause of death for these plants.
Q: What temperature is best for Dunce Cap succulents?
A. Daytime temperatures between 65-75°F and slightly cooler at night suit them well. Avoid extreme heat and prolonged freezing temperatures.
Q: Should I fertilize my Dunce Cap succulent?
A. Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer made for cacti and succulents, diluting to half strength. Fertilize every 2-3 weeks during the growing season in spring through fall. No fertilizer is needed in winter.
Q: How do I propagate new Dunce Cap succulent plants?
A. These plants propagate easily from leaf cuttings, stem cuttings, offsets, and seeds. Take cuttings in spring or summer. Allow to dry out and callous over before planting in well-draining soil.
Top 10 Interesting Facts About Dunce Cap Succulents
1. Their scientific name is Othonna capensis.
2. They are native to South Africa.
3. Mature plants can grow up to 12 inches tall and wide.
4. Dunce Cap succulents live for approximately 10-15 years.
5. The shape of the leaves looks like a medieval dunce cap.
6. Colors range from blue-green to purple depending on sun exposure.
7. Dunce Cap succulents belong to the Asteraceae family.
8. They produce small daisy-like yellow flowers in summer.
9. Plants grow in a rosette shape with new leaves emerging from the center.
10. Leaves and stems ooze a milky white sap when damaged.
